NAP Posted: February 28, 2017
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Vision, goals and objectives
Overall vision
The overall vision of the NAP is: to enhance climate resilience towards the attainment of Vision 2030. This includes strong economic growth, resilient ecosystems and sustainable livelihoods for Kenyans.
Objectives
The objectives of the NAP are to:
- Highlight the importance of adaptation and resilience-building actions in development;
- Integrate climate change adaptation into national and county level development planning and budgeting processes;
- Enhance the resilience of public and private sector investment in the national transformation, economic and social and pillars of Vision 2030 to climate shocks;
- Enhance synergies between adaptation and mitigation actions in order to attain a low carbon climate resilient economy;
- Enhance the resilience of vulnerable populations to climate shocks through adaptation and disaster risk reduction strategies.
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National circumstances
Kenya faces a number of risks from climate variability and change, of which drought is the prime recurrent natural disaster. The 2008/2011 drought is estimated to have slowed down the GDP by an average of 2.8% per annum, with total damage and losses estimated at USD 12.1 billion. Critical infrastructure that supports the national economy, such as roads, bridges, water pipelines and power lines are prone to flood damage. increases in sea surface temperature, sea-level rise and coastal erosion, are likely to put additional pressure on coastal economies, communities and ecosystems, including islands, estuaries, beaches, coral reefs and marine biodiversity.
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National Policies as indicated in the NAP
The NAP builds on the foundation laid by the National Climate Change Response Strategy (NCCRS) adopted in 2010 and the National Climate Change Action Plan (NCCAP) adopted in 2013; The NAP is aligned with the Climate Change Act that was enacted into law in 2016.
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Specific NAP mandate if developed yet
The NAP is anchored in the Constitution of Kenya, and in their vision 2030.
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Institutional arrangements
The National Climate Change Secretariat (NCCS) is responsible for the coordination of climate change activities, and it is the national focal point for the UNFCCC.
The National Environmental Management Authority (NEMA) is the National Implementing Entity (NIE) for the AF and GCF.
The National Drought Management Authority (NDMA) is mandated to establish mechanisms to ensure that drought does not become famine and it is also the Secretariat of the Common Programme Framework in Ending Drought Emergencies in Kenya.
Proposed Institutional Arrangements:
The National Climate Change Council (NCCC) will ensure the mainstreaming of cc functions by the national and county governments and oversee the implementation of the NAP.
The Cabinet Secretary (Climate Affairs) will provide technical assistance on cc actions and responses to County governments.
The Climate Change Directorate will coordinate actions for building resilience to cc and undertake a biennial review of the implementation of the NCCAP and report to the Council.
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Alignment with other frameworks
SDGs
The Government is committed to the implementation and continuous revision of the National Adaptation Plan for the realization of the UN Sustainable Development Goals
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Key climate hazards and risks
Droughts; Increasing temperatures; Floods; Sea-level rise; Saltwater intrusion; Coastal erosion; Increasing sea surface temperatures; Vector and water-borne diseases
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Loss and Damage (general reference)
Yes [the concept is included in the M&E indicators]
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Resource mobilization strategies (international and domestic)
The Government of Kenya and its development partners are already financing a number of adaptation interventions in the various sectors through the Adaptation Fund and the National Drought and Disaster Contingency Fund.
Kenya needs to establish mechanisms to help increase access to climate finance, including the Green Climate Fund, and improve coordination and reporting on climate finance. The NCCAP proposed the establishment of the Kenya Climate Fund whose focal point is the National Treasury.
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GCF Country Programme
Kenya has requested access to the GCF Readiness Programme; no explicit mention to the GCF Country Programme
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Other cross-cutting issues
Private sector engagement
The private sector will be responsible for the implementation of various priority sectors. The NCCC may impose climate change obligations on private entities. At the same time, the private sector plays an enormous role in awareness-raising and information building hence the need for their engagement in adaptation.
Gender
It is recommended that the adaptation actions be implemented with gender considerations such that all data collected for monitoring and evaluation purposes is gender-disaggregated and analysed accordingly]. [Women are considered a vulnerable group and they are included in one of the many priority sectors of the NAP, namely "Gender, Vulnerable Groups and Youth". The objective is to strengthen the adaptive capacity of vulnerable groups (women, orphans and vulnerable children, the elderly, and persons with disability).
ACE-Youth
Youth is considered a vulnerable group and it is included in one of the many priority sectors of the NAP, namely "Gender, Vulnerable Groups and Youth". The objective is to strengthen the adaptive capacity of vulnerable groups (women, orphans and vulnerable children, the elderly, and persons with disability).
Indigenous Peoples
Several adaptation actions are planned with and for indigenous people
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Monitoring and evaluation of the adaptation process (M&E)
The M&E system is anchored in the National Performance and Benefits Measurement Framework under the NCCAP. The NAP proposed adaptation indicators at the county, sectoral and national levels for M&E. These indicators were derived from an adaptation theory of change that is based on the macro-level adaptation actions and the adaptation vision of the NAP.
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Reporting
At the national level
Key ministries responsible for each sector are expected to report progress on the implementation of the actions annually to the Climate Change Secretariat.
The Climate Change Directorate will undertake a biennial review of the implementation of the NCCAP and report to the Council.
It is also proposed that lessons learnt be captured from implementing stakeholders across the country through the proposed knowledge management system as outlined in Chapter 9 of the NCCAP.
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Related NAP output
Vulnerability assessment reports
Kenya Post-Disaster Needs Assessment - Drought (2008-2011)
https://www.gfdrr.org/sites/default/files/publication/pda-2011-kenya.pdf
Implementation strategy
Effective implementation of the NAP will be supported through the establishment of enabling governance structures, including those set out in the Climate Change Act (2016). The implementation of the different actions in the NAP will require the involvement and contribution of all the stakeholders across the different sectors and levels:
- National Government Sectoral Agencies will integrate the NCCAP into sectoral strategies and action plans;
- County Governments shall integrate and mainstream cc actions, interventions and duties into County Integrated Development Plans (CIDPs);
- The National Environment Management Authority will be responsible for monitoring and enforcing compliance of cc interventions;
- The Kenya Institute of Curriculum Development will integrate cc into various disciplines and subjects of the national education curricula;
- The NDMA will continue to coordinate drought management and DRR;
- Other stakeholders to be involved are the Private sector; Media; Academia and research institutions; Public Benefit Organisations; Civil society.